Without a locker, the tire with the least traction will spin, the other will just sit there, doing nothing. With 2 open diff axles, even in 4WD, you really only have 2 tires pulling. If you cross it up in a ditch, get one front and the opposite rear in the air, forward motion WILL stop.
Most locking diffs require swapping out the diff carrier, which requires professional setup of the gears (even if you're using the same ones). Set them up wrong, and you can ruin your gears. It is a precision process that requires special tools, and can cost a couple of hundred $$ per axle, so you can see why you only want to pay once.
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/differential.htm
Bob
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